Sodium molybdate dihydrate, also known as disodium molybdate, is a white granular or crystalline powder widely recognized as one of the most popular chemicals for corrosion prevention. Traditionally, it has been used as a corrosion inhibitor, particularly in combination with chromate, to reduce corrosion caused by microbiological factors.
The price of sodium molybdate is relatively more affordable compared to similar materials, making it a viable substitute for various applications, which will be discussed below.
Production Methods of Sodium Molybdate Sodium molybdate can be produced by oxidizing and roasting molybdenite or other molybdenum-containing raw materials. In this process, molybdenum trioxide is first washed with sodium hydroxide to obtain a sodium molybdate solution. This is followed by filtration, concentration, cooling, centrifugation, and drying stages.
Another production method, similar to the first, involves hydration. In this process, molybdenum trioxide is dissolved in sodium hydroxide at temperatures between 50 and 70°C, and the filtered product is crystallized. Finally, the product is heated to 100°C to obtain the dry form.
Applications of Sodium Molybdate Sodium molybdate has a wide range of applications across various industries. As a non-oxidizing anodic inhibitor, it is used to prevent oxidation and rusting of metals, particularly in industrial equipment. Adding sodium molybdate significantly reduces the need for nitrite-amine inhibited fluids and enhances corrosion protection in carboxylate salt fluids.
One of its most significant applications is in agriculture. Large sums are spent annually on chemical fertilizers, and sodium molybdate is particularly used to treat leaf curling in broccoli and cauliflower in molybdenum-deficient soils. However, excessive use of this substance can lead to copper deficiency in animals, particularly cattle. It is used in chemical fertilizers to supply plants with molybdenum, aiding in the conversion of soil nitrates to nitrites and then to ammonia.
Other applications include its use as a raw material in the chemical industry, water treatment, steel production, military industries, automotive manufacturing, medical applications, household appliances, electroplating, component manufacturing, and steel product processing. Additionally, it is used in the production of ceramic glazes and pigments.
Safety and Environmental Considerations for Sodium Molybdate Using any chemical requires full awareness of its effects on humans and the environment, as well as knowledge of potential hazards and mitigation methods. Sodium molybdate has low toxicity and is relatively safe, causing minimal environmental harm. However, at high concentrations, it can be harmful to the human body, though low amounts pose no significant risk.
In case of contact with sodium molybdate, the affected area should be immediately washed with water, and the person should be moved to fresh air to prevent respiratory damage. If ingested, immediate medical attention or a visit to a healthcare facility is necessary. When handling this substance, safety equipment such as masks, gloves, and protective goggles is mandatory.
In terms of storage, sodium molybdate is incompatible with most common metals and oxidizing agents. For instance, contact with molten magnesium may cause an explosion. It exhibits strong reactivity with certain substances, so its safety data must be thoroughly reviewed before storage.
Conclusion Chemical compounds play a vital role in various industries today, contributing to improved industrial production processes. The production of sodium molybdate has seen significant global growth in recent years due to its diverse applications. Given its use in sensitive industries such as medicine and the military, it should be sourced from reputable suppliers. In Iran, the production of this substance has also grown in recent years. With the country’s leadership in the petrochemical and chemical production industries, sodium molybdate can be produced domestically with high quality and in accordance with global standards.